Initial revision

num2word.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+'''
+Module: num2word.py
+Requires: num2word_*.py
+Version: 0.1
+
+Author:
+   Taro Ogawa (tso@users.sourceforge.org)
+   
+Copyright:
+    Copyright (c) 2003, Taro Ogawa.  All Rights Reserved.
+
+Licence:
+    This module is distributed under the Lesser General Public Licence.
+    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-license.php
+
+Usage:
+    from num2word import to_card, to_ord, to_ordnum
+    to_card(1234567890)
+    to_ord(1234567890)
+    to_ordnum(12)
+
+Notes:
+    The module is a wrapper for language-specific modules.  It imports the
+    appropriate modules as defined by locale settings.  If unable to
+    load an appropriate module, an ImportError is raised.
+'''
+import locale as _locale
+
+# Correct omissions in locale:
+# Bugrep these...
+_locdict = { "English_Australia" : "en_AU", }
+
+
+_modules = []
+for _loc in [_locale.getlocale(), _locale.getdefaultlocale()]:
+    _lang = _loc[0]
+    if _lang:
+        _lang = _locdict.get(_lang, _lang)
+        _lang = _lang.upper()
+    
+        _modules.append("num2word_" + _lang)
+        _modules.append("num2word_" + _lang.split("_")[0])
+
+for _module in _modules:
+    try:
+        n2w = __import__(_module)
+        break
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+try:
+    to_card, to_ord, to_ordnum = n2w.to_card, n2w.to_ord, n2w.to_ordnum
+except NameError:
+    raise ImportError("Could not import any of these modules: %s"
+                          % (", ".join(_modules)))

num2word_DE.py

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+'''
+Module: num2word_DE.py
+Requires: num2word_base.py
+Version: 0.4
+
+Author:
+   Taro Ogawa (BLAHhydroxideBLAH_removetheBLAHs@inorbit.com)
+
+Copyright:
+    Copyright (c) 2003, Taro Ogawa.  All Rights Reserved.
+
+Licence:
+    This module is distributed under the Lesser General Public Licence.
+    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-license.php
+
+Data from:
+   - http://german4u2know.tripod.com/nouns/10.html
+   - http://www.uni-bonn.de/~manfear/large.php
+
+Usage:
+    from num2word_DE import to_card, to_ord, to_ordnum
+    to_card(1234567890)
+    to_ord(1234567890)
+    to_ordnum(12)
+'''
+from num2word_base import Num2Word_Base
+
+#//TODO: Use orthographics
+#//TODO: Use German error messages
+class Num2Word_DE(Num2Word_Base):
+    def set_high_numwords(self, high):
+        max = 3 + 6*len(high)
+
+        for word, n in zip(high, range(max, 3, -6)):
+            self.cards[10**n] = word + "illiarde"
+            self.cards[10**(n-3)] = word + "illion"
+
+
+    def setup(self):
+        self.negword = "minus "
+        self.pointword = "Komma"
+        self.errmsg_nonnum = "Only numbers may be converted to words."
+        self.errmsg_toobig = "Number is too large to convert to words."
+        self.exclude_title = []
+
+        lows = ["non", "okt", "sept", "sext", "quint", "quadr", "tr", "b", "m"]
+        units = ["", "un", "duo", "tre", "quattuor", "quin", "sex", "sept",
+                 "okto", "novem"]
+        tens = ["dez", "vigint", "trigint", "quadragint", "quinquagint",
+                "sexagint", "septuagint", "oktogint", "nonagint"]
+        self.high_numwords = ["zent"]+self.gen_high_numwords(units, tens, lows)
+        self.mid_numwords = [(1000, "tausand"), (100, "hundert"),
+                             (90, "neunzig"), (80, "achtzig"), (70, "siebzig"),
+                             (60, "sechzig"), (50, "fuenfzig"), (40, "vierzig"),
+                             (30, "dreissig")]
+        self.low_numwords = ["zwanzig", "neunzehn", "achtzen", "siebzehn",
+                             "sechzehn", "fuenfzehn", "vierzehn", "dreizehn",
+                             "zwoelf", "elf", "zehn", "neun", "acht", "sieben",
+                             "sechs", "fuenf", "vier", "drei", "zwei", "eins",
+                             "null"]
+        self.ords = { "eins"    : "ers",
+                      "drei"    : "drit",
+                      "acht"    : "ach",
+                      "sieben"  : "sieb",
+                      "ig"      : "igs" }
+        self.ordflag = False
+
+
+    def merge(self, curr, next):
+        ctext, cnum, ntext, nnum = curr + next
+
+        if cnum == 1:
+            if nnum < 10**6 or self.ordflag:
+                return next
+            ctext = "eine"
+
+        if nnum > cnum:
+            if nnum >= 10**6:
+                if cnum > 1:
+                    if ntext.endswith("e") or self.ordflag:
+                        ntext += "s"
+                    else:
+                        ntext += "es"
+                ctext += " "
+            val = cnum * nnum
+        else:
+            if nnum < 10 < cnum < 100:
+                if nnum == 1:
+                    ntext = "ein"
+                ntext, ctext =  ctext, ntext + "und"
+            elif cnum >= 10**6:
+                ctext += " "
+            val = cnum + nnum
+
+        word = ctext + ntext
+        return (word, val)
+            
+
+    def to_ordinal(self, value):
+        self.verify_ordinal(value)
+        self.ordflag = True
+        outword = self.to_cardinal(value)
+        self.ordflag = False
+        for key in self.ords:
+            if outword.endswith(key):
+                outword = outword[:len(outword) - len(key)] + self.ords[key]
+                break
+        return outword + "te"
+
+
+    # Is this correct??
+    def to_ordinal_num(self, value):
+        self.verify_ordinal(value)
+        return str(value) + "te"
+
+            
+n2w = Num2Word_DE()
+to_card = n2w.to_cardinal
+to_ord = n2w.to_ordinal
+to_ordnum = n2w.to_ordinal_num
+
+
+def main():
+    for val in [ 1, 11, 12, 21, 31, 33, 71, 80, 81, 91, 99, 100, 101, 102, 155,
+             180, 300, 308, 832, 1000, 1001, 1061, 1100, 1500, 1701, 3000,
+             8280, 8291, 150000, 500000, 1000000, 2000000, 2000001,
+             -21212121211221211111, -2.121212, -1.0000100]:
+        n2w.test(val)
+
+    n2w.test(1325325436067876801768700107601001012212132143210473207540327057320957032975032975093275093275093270957329057320975093272950730)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+

num2word_EN.py

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+'''
+Module: num2word_EN.py
+Requires: num2word_EU.py
+Version: 1.0
+
+Author:
+   Taro Ogawa (tso@users.sourceforge.org)
+   
+Copyright:
+    Copyright (c) 2003, Taro Ogawa.  All Rights Reserved.
+
+Licence:
+    This module is distributed under the Lesser General Public Licence.
+    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-license.php
+
+Data from:
+    http://www.uni-bonn.de/~manfear/large.php
+    
+Usage:
+    from num2word_EN import n2w, to_card, to_ord, to_ordnum
+    to_card(1234567890)
+    n2w.is_title = True
+    to_card(1234567890)
+    to_ord(1234567890)
+    to_ordnum(1234567890)
+'''
+import num2word_EU
+
+class Num2Word_EN(num2word_EU.Num2Word_EU):
+    def set_high_numwords(self, high):
+        max = 3 + 3*len(high)
+        for word, n in zip(high, range(max, 3, -3)):
+            self.cards[10**n] = word + "illion"
+
+    def setup(self):
+        self.negword = "minus "
+        self.pointword = "point"
+        self.errmsg_nonnum = "Only numbers may be converted to words."
+        self.exclude_title = ["and", "point", "minus"]
+
+        self.mid_numwords = [(1000, "thousand"), (100, "hundred"),
+                             (90, "ninety"), (80, "eighty"), (70, "seventy"),
+                             (60, "sixty"), (50, "fifty"), (40, "forty"),
+                             (30, "thirty")]
+        self.low_numwords = ["twenty", "nineteen", "eighteen", "seventeen",
+                             "sixteen", "fifteen", "fourteen", "thirteen",
+                             "twelve", "eleven", "ten", "nine", "eight",
+                             "seven", "six", "five", "four", "three", "two",
+                             "one", "zero"]
+        self.ords = { "one"    : "first",
+                      "two"    : "second",
+                      "three"  : "third",
+                      "five"   : "fifth",
+                      "eight"  : "eighth",
+                      "nine"   : "ninth",
+                      "twelve" : "twelfth" }
+
+
+    def merge(self, curr, next):
+        ctext, cnum, ntext, nnum = curr + next
+
+        if cnum == 1 and nnum < 100:
+            return next
+        elif 100 > cnum > nnum :
+            return (ctext + "-" + ntext, cnum + nnum)
+        elif cnum >= 100 > nnum:
+            return (ctext + " and " + ntext, cnum + nnum)
+        elif nnum > cnum:
+            return (ctext + " " + ntext, cnum * nnum)
+        return (ctext + ", " + ntext, cnum + nnum)
+
+
+    def to_ordinal(self, value):
+        self.verify_ordinal(value)
+        outwords = self.to_cardinal(value).split(" ")
+        lastwords = outwords[-1].split("-")
+        lastword = lastwords[-1].lower()
+        try:
+            lastword = self.ords[lastword]
+        except KeyError:
+            if lastword[-1] == "y":
+                lastword = lastword[:-1] + "ie" 
+            lastword += "th"
+        lastwords[-1] = self.title(lastword) 
+        outwords[-1] = "-".join(lastwords)
+        return " ".join(outwords)
+
+
+    def to_ordinal_num(self, value):
+        self.verify_ordinal(value)
+        out = str(value)
+        out +=  {"1" : "st",
+                 "2" : "nd",
+                 "3" : "rd" }.get(out[-1], "th")
+        return out
+
+n2w = Num2Word_EN()
+to_card = n2w.to_cardinal
+to_ord = n2w.to_ordinal
+to_ordnum = n2w.to_ordinal_num
+
+def main():
+    for val in [ 1, 11, 12, 21, 31, 33, 71, 80, 81, 91, 99, 100, 101, 102, 155,
+             180, 300, 308, 832, 1000, 1001, 1061, 1100, 1500, 1701, 3000,
+             8280, 8291, 150000, 500000, 1000000, 2000000, 2000001,
+             -21212121211221211111, -2.121212, -1.0000100]:
+        n2w.test(val)
+
+    n2w.test(1325325436067876801768700107601001012212132143210473207540327057320957032975032975093275093275093270957329057320975093272950730)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

num2word_EN_old.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+'''
+Module: num2word_EN_old.py
+Requires: num2word_EN.py
+Version: 0.3
+
+Author:
+   Taro Ogawa (tso@users.sourceforge.org)
+   
+Copyright:
+    Copyright (c) 2003, Taro Ogawa.  All Rights Reserved.
+
+Licence:
+    This module is distributed under the Lesser General Public Licence.
+    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-license.php
+
+Usage:
+    from num2word_EN_old import to_card, to_ord, to_ordnum
+    to_card(1234567890)
+    to_ord(1234567890)
+    to_ordnum(12)
+'''
+import num2word_EN
+
+class Num2Word_EN_old(num2word_EN.Num2Word_EN):
+    def base_setup(self):
+        sclass = super(num2word_EN.Num2Word_EN, self)
+        self.set_high_numwords = sclass.set_high_numwords
+        sclass.base_setup()
+        
+
+n2w = Num2Word_EN_old()
+to_card = n2w.to_cardinal
+to_ord = n2w.to_ordinal
+to_ordnum = n2w.to_ordinal_num
+
+def main():
+    for val in [ 1, 11, 12, 21, 31, 33, 71, 80, 81, 91, 99, 100, 101, 102, 155,
+             180, 300, 308, 832, 1000, 1001, 1061, 1100, 1500, 1701, 3000,
+             8280, 8291, 150000, 500000, 1000000, 2000000, 2000001,
+             -21212121211221211111, -2.121212, -1.0000100]:
+        n2w.test(val)
+
+    n2w.test(1325325436067876801768700107601001012212132143210473207540327057320957032975032975093275093275093270957329057320975093272950730)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

num2word_ES.py

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+'''
+Module: num2word_ES.py
+Requires: num2word_EU.py
+Version: 0.2
+
+Author:
+   Taro Ogawa (BLAHhydroxideBLAH@inorbit.removeBLAHtwice.com)
+   
+Copyright:
+    Copyright (c) 2003, Taro Ogawa.  All Rights Reserved.
+
+Licence:
+    This module is distributed under the Lesser General Public Licence.
+    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-license.php
+
+Data from:
+    http://www.smartphrase.com/Spanish/sp_numbers_voc.shtml
+
+Usage:
+    from num2word_ES import to_card, to_ord, to_ordnum
+    to_card(1234567890)
+#    to_ord(1234567890)
+#    to_ordnum(12)
+'''
+from num2word_EU import Num2Word_EU
+
+#//TODO: correct orthographics
+#//TODO: error messages
+
+class Num2Word_ES(Num2Word_EU):
+
+    #//CHECK: Is this sufficient??
+    def set_high_numwords(self, high):
+        max = 3 + 6*len(high)
+
+        for word, n in zip(high, range(max, 3, -6)):
+            self.cards[10**(n-3)] = word + "illo'n"
+
+
+    def setup(self):
+        lows = ["cuatr", "tr", "b", "m"]
+        self.high_numwords = self.gen_high_numwords([], [], lows)
+        self.negword = "menos "
+        self.pointword = "punto"
+        self.errmsg_nonnum = "Only numbers may be converted to words."
+        self.errmsg_toobig = "Number is too large to convert to words."
+        self.gender_stem = "o"
+        self.exclude_title = ["y", "menos", "punto"]
+        self.mid_numwords = [(1000, "mil"), (100, "cien"), (90, "noventa"),
+                             (80, "ochenta"), (70, "setenta"), (60, "sesenta"),
+                             (50,"cincuenta"), (40,"cuarenta")]
+        self.low_numwords = ["vientinueve", "vientiocho", "vientisiete",
+                             "vientise'is", "vienticinco", "vienticuatro",
+                             "vientitre's", "vientido's", "vientiuno",
+                             "viente", "diecinueve", "dieciocho", "diecisiete",
+                             "dieciseis", "quince", "catorce", "trece", "doce",
+                             "once", "diez", "nueve", "ocho", "siete", "seis",
+                             "cinco", "cuatro", "tres", "dos", "uno", "cero"]
+        self.ords = { 1  : "primer",
+                      2  : "segund",
+                      3  : "tercer",
+                      4  : "cuart",
+                      5  : "quint",
+                      6  : "sext",
+                      7  : "se'ptim",
+                      8  : "octav",
+                      9  : "noven",
+                      10 : "de'cim" }
+
+
+    def merge(self, curr, next):
+        ctext, cnum, ntext, nnum = curr + next
+
+        if cnum == 1:
+            if nnum < 1000000:
+                return next
+            ctext = "un"
+        elif cnum == 100:
+            ctext += "t" + self.gender_stem
+
+        if nnum < cnum:
+            if cnum < 100:
+                return (ctext + " y " + ntext, cnum + nnum)
+            return (ctext + " " + ntext, cnum + nnum)
+        elif (not nnum % 1000000) and cnum > 1:
+            ntext = ntext[:-3] + "ones"
+
+        if nnum == 100:
+            if cnum == 5:
+                ctext = "quinien"
+                ntext = ""
+            elif cnum == 7:
+                ctext = "sete"
+            elif cnum == 9:
+                ctext = "nove"
+            ntext += "t" + self.gender_stem + "s"
+        else:
+            ntext = " " + ntext
+
+        return (ctext + ntext, cnum * nnum)
+
+
+    def to_ordinal(self, value):
+        self.verify_ordinal(value)
+        try:
+            return self.ords[value] + self.gender_stem
+        except KeyError:
+            return self.to_cardinal(value)
+
+    def to_ordinal_num(self, value):
+        self.verify_ordinal(value)
+        # Correct for fem?
+        return str(value) + "^o"
+    
+
+n2w = Num2Word_ES()
+to_card = n2w.to_cardinal
+to_ord = n2w.to_ordinal
+to_ordnum = n2w.to_ordinal_num
+
+def main():
+    for val in [ 1, 11, 12, 21, 31, 33, 71, 80, 81, 91, 99, 100, 101, 102, 155,
+             180, 300, 308, 832, 1000, 1001, 1061, 1100, 1500, 1701, 3000,
+             8280, 8291, 150000, 500000, 1000000, 2000000, 2000001,
+             -21212121211221211111, -2.121212, -1.0000100]:
+        n2w.test(val)
+
+    n2w.test(1325325436067876801768700107601001012212132143210473207540327057320957032975032975093275093275093270957329057320975093272950730)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

num2word_EU.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+'''
+Module: num2word_EU.py
+Requires: num2word_base.py
+Version: 1.0
+
+Author:
+   Taro Ogawa (BLAHhydroxideBLAH@inorbit.removeBLAHtwice.com)
+   
+Copyright:
+    Copyright (c) 2003, Taro Ogawa.  All Rights Reserved.
+
+Licence:
+    This module is distributed under the Lesser General Public Licence.
+    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-license.php
+
+Data from:
+    http://www.uni-bonn.de/~manfear/large.php
+'''
+from num2word_base import Num2Word_Base
+
+class Num2Word_EU(Num2Word_Base):
+    def set_high_numwords(self, high):
+        max = 3 + 6*len(high)
+
+        for word, n in zip(high, range(max, 3, -6)):
+            self.cards[10**n] = word + "illiard"
+            self.cards[10**(n-3)] = word + "illion"
+
+        
+    def base_setup(self):
+        lows = ["non","oct","sept","sext","quint","quadr","tr","b","m"]
+        units = ["", "un", "duo", "tre", "quattuor", "quin", "sex", "sept",
+                 "octo", "novem"]
+        tens = ["dec", "vigint", "trigint", "quadragint", "quinquagint",
+                "sexagint", "septuagint", "octogint", "nonagint"]
+        self.high_numwords = ["cent"]+self.gen_high_numwords(units, tens, lows)

num2word_FR.py

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+'''
+Module: num2word_FR.py
+Requires: num2word_EU.py
+Version: 0.4
+
+Author:
+   Taro Ogawa (tso@users.sourceforge.org)
+   
+Copyright:
+    Copyright (c) 2003, Taro Ogawa.  All Rights Reserved.
+
+Licence:
+    This module is distributed under the Lesser General Public Licence.
+    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-license.php
+
+Data from:
+    http://www.ouc.bc.ca/mola/fr/handouts/numbers.doc.
+    http://www.realfrench.net/units/Interunit_63.html
+    
+Usage:
+    from num2word_FR import to_card, to_ord, to_ordnum
+    to_card(1234567890)
+#    to_ord(1234567890)
+#    to_ordnum(12)
+'''
+from num2word_EU import Num2Word_EU
+
+#//TODO: correct orthographics
+#//TODO: error messages in French
+#//TODO: ords
+class Num2Word_FR(Num2Word_EU):
+    def setup(self):
+        self.negword = "moins "
+        self.pointword = "virgule"
+        self.errmsg_nonnum = "Only numbers may be converted to words."
+        self.errmsg_toobig = "Number is too large to convert to words."
+        self.exclude_title = ["et", "virgule", "moins"]
+        self.mid_numwords = [(1000, "mille"), (100, "cent"),
+                             (80, "quatre-vingts"), (60, "soixante"),
+                             (50, "cinquante"), (40, "quarante"),
+                             (30, "trente")]
+        self.low_numwords = ["vingt", "dix-neuf", "dix-huit", "dix-sept",
+                             "seize", "quinze", "quatorze", "treize", "douze",
+                             "onze", "dix", "neuf", "huit", "sept", "six",
+                             "cinq", "quatre", "trois", "deux", "un", "ze'ro"]
+
+
+    def merge(self, curr, next):
+        ctext, cnum, ntext, nnum = curr + next
+
+        if cnum == 1:
+            if nnum < 1000000:
+                return next
+        else:
+            if (not (cnum - 80)%100 or not cnum%100) and ctext[-1] == "s":
+                ctext = ctext[:-1]
+            if (cnum<1000 and nnum <> 1000 and ntext[-1] <> "s"
+            and not nnum%100):
+                ntext += "s"
+
+        if nnum < cnum < 100:
+            if nnum % 10 == 1 and cnum <> 80:
+                return (ctext + " et " + ntext, cnum + nnum)
+            return (ctext + "-" + ntext, cnum + nnum)
+        elif nnum > cnum:
+            return (ctext + " " + ntext, cnum * nnum)
+        return (ctext + " " + ntext, cnum + nnum)
+
+
+    def to_ordinal(self,value):
+        self.verify_ordinal(value)
+        if value == 1:
+            return "premier"
+        word = self.to_cardinal(value)
+        if word[-1] == "e":
+            word = word[:-1]
+        return word + "ie'me"
+
+
+    def to_ordinal_num(self, value):
+        self.verify_ordinal(value)
+        out = str(value)
+        out +=  {"1" : "er" }.get(out[-1], "me")
+        return out
+
+
+n2w = Num2Word_FR()
+to_card = n2w.to_cardinal
+to_ord = n2w.to_ordinal
+to_ordnum = n2w.to_ordinal_num
+
+def main():
+    for val in [ 1, 11, 12, 21, 31, 33, 71, 80, 81, 91, 99, 100, 101, 102, 155,
+             180, 300, 308, 832, 1000, 1001, 1061, 1100, 1500, 1701, 3000,
+             8280, 8291, 150000, 500000, 1000000, 2000000, 2000001,
+             -21212121211221211111, -2.121212, -1.0000100]:
+        n2w.test(val)
+
+    n2w.test(1325325436067876801768700107601001012212132143210473207540327057320957032975032975093275093275093270957329057320975093272950730)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

num2word_base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+'''
+Module: num2word_base.py
+Version: 1.0
+
+Author:
+   Taro Ogawa (BLAHhydroxideBLAH_removetheBLAHs@inorbit.com)
+   
+Copyright:
+    Copyright (c) 2003, Taro Ogawa.  All Rights Reserved.
+
+Licence:
+    This module is distributed under the Lesser General Public Licence.
+    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-license.php
+
+Data from:
+    http://www.uni-bonn.de/~manfear/large.php
+'''
+
+
+from __future__ import generators
+
+class OrderedMapping(dict):
+    def __init__(self, *pairs):
+        self.order = []
+        for key, val in pairs:
+            self[key] = val
+            
+    def __setitem__(self, key, val):
+        if key not in self:
+            self.order.append(key)
+        super(OrderedMapping, self).__setitem__(key, val)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for item in self.order:
+            yield item
+
+
+class Num2Word_Base(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.cards = OrderedMapping()
+        self.is_title = False
+        self.precision = 2
+        self.exclude_title = []
+        self.negword = "(-) "
+        self.pointword = "(.)"
+        self.errmsg_nonnum = "type(%s) not in [long, int, float]"
+        self.errmsg_floatord = "Cannot treat float %s as ordinal."
+        self.errmsg_negord = "Cannot treat negative num %s as ordinal."
+        self.errmsg_toobig = "abs(%s) must be less than %s."
+
+        self.base_setup()
+        self.setup()
+        self.set_numwords()
+
+        self.MAXVAL = 1000 * self.cards.order[0]
+        
+
+    def set_numwords(self):
+        self.set_high_numwords(self.high_numwords)
+        self.set_mid_numwords(self.mid_numwords)
+        self.set_low_numwords(self.low_numwords)
+
+
+    def gen_high_numwords(self, units, tens, lows):
+        out = [u + t for t in tens for u in units]
+        out.reverse()
+        return out + lows
+
+
+    def set_mid_numwords(self, mid):
+        for key, val in mid:
+            self.cards[key] = val
+
+
+    def set_low_numwords(self, numwords):
+        for word, n in zip(numwords, range(len(numwords) - 1, -1, -1)):
+            self.cards[n] = word
+
+
+    def splitnum(self, value):
+        for elem in self.cards:
+            if elem > value:
+                continue
+            
+            out = []
+            if value == 0:
+                div, mod = 1, 0
+            else:
+                div, mod = divmod(value, elem)
+
+            if div == 1:
+                out.append((self.cards[1], 1))
+            else:
+                if div == value:  # The system tallies, eg Roman Numerals
+                    return [(div * self.cards[elem], div*elem)]                    
+                out.append(self.splitnum(div))
+
+            out.append((self.cards[elem], elem))
+
+            if mod:
+                out.append(self.splitnum(mod))
+
+            return out
+
+
+    def to_cardinal(self, value):
+        try:
+            assert long(value) == value
+        except (ValueError, TypeError, AssertionError):
+            return self.to_cardinal_float(value)
+
+        self.verify_num(value)
+
+        out = ""
+        if value < 0:
+            value = abs(value)
+            out = self.negword
+
+        if value >= self.MAXVAL:
+            raise OverflowError(self.errmsg_toobig % (value, self.MAXVAL))
+        
+
+        val = self.splitnum(value)
+        words, num = self.clean(val)
+        return self.title(out + words)
+
+
+    def to_cardinal_float(self, value):
+        try:
+            float(value) == value
+        except (ValueError, TypeError, AssertionError):
+            raise TypeError(self.errmsg_nonnum % value)
+
+        pre = int(value)
+        post = abs(value - pre)
+
+        out = [self.to_cardinal(pre)]
+        if self.precision:
+            out.append(self.title(self.pointword))
+
+        for i in range(self.precision):
+            post *= 10
+            curr = int(post)
+            out.append(str(self.to_cardinal(curr)))
+            post -= curr
+
+        return " ".join(out)
+
+
+    def merge(self, curr, next):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+    def clean(self, val):
+        out = val
+        while len(val) <> 1:
+            out = []
+            curr, next = val[:2]
+            if isinstance(curr, tuple) and isinstance(next, tuple):
+                out.append(self.merge(curr, next))
+                if val[2:]:
+                    out.append(val[2:])
+            else:
+                for elem in val:
+                    if isinstance(elem, list):
+                        if len(elem) == 1:
+                            out.append(elem[0])
+                        else:
+                            out.append(self.clean(elem))
+                    else:
+                        out.append(elem)
+            val = out
+        return out[0]
+
+
+    def title(self, value):
+        if self.is_title:
+            out = []
+            value = value.split()
+            for word in value:
+                if word in self.exclude_title:
+                    out.append(word)
+                else:
+                    out.append(word[0].upper() + word[1:])
+            value = " ".join(out)
+        return value
+
+
+    def verify_ordinal(self, value):
+        if not value == long(value):
+            raise TypeError, self.errmsg_floatord %(value)
+        if not abs(value) == value:
+            raise TypeError, self.errmsg_negord %(value)
+
+
+    def verify_num(self, value):
+        return 1
+
+
+    def set_wordnums(self):
+        pass
+
+            
+    def to_ordinal(value):
+        return self.to_cardinal(value)
+
+
+    def to_ordinal_num(self, value):
+        return value
+
+
+    def base_setup(self):
+        pass
+
+
+    def setup(self):
+        pass
+
+
+    def test(self, value):
+        try:
+            _card = self.to_cardinal(value)
+        except:
+            _card = "invalid"
+        try:
+            _ord = self.to_ordinal(value)
+        except:
+            _ord = "invalid"
+        try:
+            _ordnum = self.to_ordinal_num(value)
+        except:
+            _ordnum = "invalid"
+            
+        print ("For %s, card is %s;\n\tord is %s; and\n\tordnum is %s." %
+                    (value, _card, _ord, _ordnum))